Thousands of wildlife water developments, commonly known as gallinaceous guzzlers or guzzlers, have been installed throughout the western United States. In general, these units collect runoff from a concrete or other impervious surface and store that water in underground tanks. Water availability is limited to wildlife able to enter a small opening (approx. 20 cm in height) and crawl or walk down a sloped surface to the level of stored water. This design precludes use by large mammals. Moreover, wildlife occasionally may become entrapped in storage tanks, potentially fouling stored water. We developed a method of modifying gallinaceous guzzlers that allows large animals to access stored water and simultaneously decreases the probability of wildlife becoming entrapped in those guzzlers.
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1 October 2006
Retrofitting Gallinaceous Guzzlers to Enhance Water Availability and Safety for Wildlife
VERNON C. BLEICH,
STEVEN L. NELSON,
PETE J. WOOD,
HARLAN R. WOOD,
RICHARD A. NOLES
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guzzler
modification
safety
technique
Water
wildlife water development